CHEMISTRY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS

Phosphorus is usually present in natural water as phosphate and is an essential element of life, phosphate can come from fertilizers, human or animal wastes, soaps or detergents and industrial waste.[1] When too much phosphorus becomes available, plant grows rapidly.[1] Phosphate that enter a stream may cause algae to multiply and grow quickly, this may result in an algae bloom. Algae bloom are thick layers of green slime that cover the surface of ponds or slow moving stream, algae bloom are harmful to most aquatic organisms.

The aim of this research work was to assess the amount of municipal solid waste generated in University of Benin located in Benin-City, Nigeria. Analysis was carried out to calculate amount of municipal solid waste generated per person per day. Direct waste analysis and a site-specific study were carried out to collect waste characterization data and determine the quantity of generation and components of the municipal solid waste in the campus.

The lophira alata wood sawdust that was obtained was washed with distilled water, dried, and divided into two portions. The first portion was used as the unmodified sawdust sample while the second portion was first carbonized at a temperature of 600C for 4 hours and later activated using 2M KOH for 24 hours at room temperature. The two samples were used as adsorbent to adsorb Nickel and Cadmium ions from aqueous solution. The effect of contact time, sawdust dosage, and the PH, of heavy metal ions removal has been studied. The physiochemical properties of the two adsorbents used have also been computed. The results obtained shows that an increase in sawdust dosage, contact time, and the PH, all resulted in an increase in the adsorption rate.

The scope of this research work will be to give a study of the design of a vacuum distillation unit using the Liebman decomposition model. This research work shall be limited to the recovery of a binary product; vacuum gas oil and vacuum residue. Material and energy balance calculation will be carried out to ascertain the amount of feed and energy required by the unit. Determination of column dimensions and parameters using the McCabe-Thiele graphical method. Microsoft Excel spread sheet shall be used to plot the vapour-liquid equilibrium curve and also to obtain the number of stages.

The experiment was carried out and three osmotic solutions were prepared, “hypertonic solution 60% concentrated, hypotonic solution 40% concentrated and isotonic solution 50% concentrated” and oven drying was also carried in the course of the experiment, the effect of sodium chloride (osmotic agent) concentration, temperature and immersion time on overall mass transfer coefficient, effective diffusivity, drying rate weight loss and shrinkage ratio on oven drying and osmotic dehydration of Pumpkin and bitter leaf. Results showed that both pumpkin and bitter leaf had a highest mass transfer coefficient in oven drying at highest temperature of 80oC, for pumpkin leaf 0.149(m/min), bitter leaf was 0.149(m/min), the results were also obtain for osmotic dehydration at 80Oc at highest concentration (Hypertonic solution) had the highest mass transfer coefficient, for pumpkin leaf was 0.015(m/min) for bitter leaf was obtained to 0.032(m/min).

To the great majority of people, corrosion means rust, an almost universal object of hatred. `Rust’ is, of course, the name which has more recently been specifically reserved for the corrosion of iron, while`corrosion’ is the destructive phenomenon which affects almost all metals. Although iron was not the first metal used by man, it has certainly been the most used, and must have been one of the first with which serious corrosion problems were obtained. It is not, therefore, surprising that the terms corrosion and rust are almost synonymous. Is the second most abundant metal found in earth’s crust after aluminum and it is the most common metal that is found around us, therefore, its corrosion is of special significance. Iron is an alloy of steel i.e a mixture of iron and carbon and it

Polypropylene account for around 22% of the total production of plastics in 2008, making it the second largest plastic produced beside polyethylene which is 23.7% (Plastic waste Management Institute, 2009).Polypropylene plastics or also known as polypropene, are materials that are used worldwide since the 19th century (Scheirs, 1998). Polypropylene plastics are widely used in our daily life as kitchen utensils, in toy productions, as insulators for electrical devices, and also in industrial sites as safety equipment(Gaurina-Medijumurec, 2014).

The essence of continuous research and development is to find a way to improve the lives of people around the globe. Thus, finding an alternatively cheap, fast, convenient and effective way to diagnosis malaria is a key to control malaria. This study is therefore significant in many ways: The finding of this study will be useful and helpful to the Federal and State Government with regard to malaria eradication in making decisions on implementation of RDTs for routine diagnosis in the Nigeria, especially in rural areas. The findings of this study will provide an alternative, effective and reliable diagnosis of malaria patients in both those that are asymptomatic and symptomatic. RDTs are fast, easy to perform and relatively cheap and can easily be used by both the trained and untrained.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MASS FAILURE OF STUDENT IN CHEMISTRY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS, GGSS SALANTO, KMC LOCAL GOVERNMENT, KANO, NIGERIA. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The performance of students in Senior Secondary Sciences in Nigeria has remained an issue of concern to all stake holders (Ajagun, 2000). The report by Ojerinde (1998) on the survey of the performance of candidates in Chemistry subjects in Nigeria over the years revealed a discernible decline. This perennial decline has remained a source of concern to Science educators and Chemistry educators (Nnaka and Anaekwe, 2004). One of the major problems; facing the educational system in Nigeria is the abysmal failure of students in public examinations, particularly at the secondary level of education. According to Uduh (2009), the high percentage of candidates who failed WASSCE yearly is reflected in the low percentage of the candidates that meets the university admission requirements. The situation is so pathetic that stakeholders keep on wondering why this level of education has persistently failed to meet the yearnings and aspirations of the society. Apart from the fact that the mass failure of students in public examinations constitutes wastage on investment in secondary education, it puts a big question mark on the quality of secondary education in the country. Each time the results of students in Senior school Certificate Examination (SSCE) are released, it has been a tale of woes and national e

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] is a member of the Fabaceae family, rich in nutrients. Soybean is not only seen as an oil plant but also used for various purposes. Among grain legumes, soybean is an economically important crop that is grown in diverse environments throughout the world. Its adaptation to tropical and subtropical regions is still involving extensive breeding work. To use land continuously for crop cultivation, incorporating organic and inorganic fertilizers to soil would provide multiple benefits for improving the chemical and physical status of the soil which results in improved crop yield (Ferguson et al.,2006).