CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS

ABSTRACT Adsorption and desorption studies on different types of adsorbents, including natural materials such as teak tree bark powder, rice husk, natural bentonite, different algae like Ecklonia maxima, Escherichia coli, Ascophyllum nodasum, Rhizopus nigricans, Cladophora fascicularis, goethite and soils of three nuclear power plant and artificial materials such as Fe oxide-coated sand, goethite pretreated with phosphate, dithizone-modified sodium trititanate whisker, modified nano-metre sized TiO2, Chromosorb 102 resins and poly(m-phenylenediamine) are summarized. The kinet-ics, thermodynamics, sorption/desorption mechanism of different metal ions on different adsorbents under different experimental conditions are discussed. It is found that desorbing agent is greatly dependent on the adsorbate used. All the metal ions are desorbed using acids like HCl, HNO3 and H2SO4 in most of the cases, except Cr(VI). EDTA can be used to remove Pb2+ and Zn 2+ in addition to acids. Since Cr(VI) is present in anionic form; it can be eliminated from the loaded adsorbents using bases like NaOH, Na2CO 3 or NaHCO3.

Ferrous sulphate tablet is an oral salt of iron. It is the cheapest form of medicinal iron supplement and it is used in the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency is one of the world’s most common nutritional deficiency diseases, affecting infants, children and especially pregnant women as well as lactating mothers. Various brands of ferrous sulphate tablets were assayed to confirm the amount of iron content as claimed by the manufacturers, so as to ensure maximum therapeutic effects during clinical use. Seven different brands of ferrous sulphate tablets by different manufacturers which were obtained from various pharmacy outlets in Delta State and Anambra of Nigeria were assayed using the titrimetric method of analysis as described by the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) 2012. They were also tested for uniformity of weight by the method stated in the BP. All the samples were found to contain iron content in an amount within the percentage content of 95.0% - 105.0%. Also, no variation was found in the weight of the samples. Therefore, these brands when administered can bring about maximum therapeutic benefits during clinical use.

This research work is aimed at investigating successfully the chemical and antioxidant content of pepper fruit, black pear and monkey kola in the laboratory. To effectively achieve this, a step by step rudiments was ensured in where the chemical and antioxidant content was first ascertained as well as the properties of these chemicals and antioxidants.

The detailed structural studies on different organ system of domestic animals are giving important in contemporary biological science. These have implication on conservation and propagation and also form data base of scientific information.The present study describe the comparative histological study and of a carnivorous cat.

A double-pipe heat exchanger, in its simplest form is just one pipe inside another larger pipe. One fluid flows through the inside pipe and the other flows through the annulus between the two pipes. The wall of the inner pipe is the heat transfer surface.

Mango fruit (Mangifera indica) is very rich in fibre and vitamin C which are the required nutrients for good health and easy digestion of food in human body system. However, the fruit is highly perishable in its natural state after harvest due to the chemical deterioration and environmental effects. Due to the perishable nature, abundant wastage during the production season and relative scarcity during the off season were recorded by farmers. Processing the fruit into the form that can easily be stored, preserved, packaged, transported or consumed is crucial to having the product all the year round. Besides, mango juice can be consumed freshly, processed into dry powder, mixed or blended with other juice to make fruit jams, or evaporated to concentrates. These products have a lot of potential in food and beverage industries for export and foreign exchange earnings. Therefore, a small scale machine to process mango fruits to high quality juice is highly essential to reduce the postharvest loss and then add value to the commodity.

The scope of this work is limited to design and fabrication of a small size solar-powered egg incubator. Its capacity is limited to fifty eggs per time. It covers design, component fabrication and assembly of the various components to form the incubator.

Plant design which is an iterative procedure with a route of procession from the input or feed to the stated objectives, amidst intervening constraints, requires a careful, well- thought- out, comprehensive specifications of the defined or desired requirements.

2-Ethylhexanol (2-EH) is a clear, colourless liquid with a characteristic odour, which has been described as sweet and floral (Genium, 1999; WHO, 1993) and as intense and unpleasant (HSDB, 2004; Verschueren, 2001).

Corrosion is a serious problem in this modern age of technological advancement. This accounts for a lot of economic losses and irreversible structural damage. The cost of corrosion failures annually for any nation is difficult to estimate per annum, but it has been stated that the wastage of material resources by corrosion ranks third after war and disease (Olugbenga et al.2011).