MEDICINE AND SURGERY PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS

The increased clinical state of malaria infection may be due to poor nutritional status most especially as a result of micronutrients deficiency. Micronutrients play vital role both in combating anaemia and other adverse effects of malaria infection in humans and animals in developing resistance against the disease. This research was aimed at establishing the effect of malaria parasite on neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-lymphocyte ratio and some essential plasma electrolytes (calcium, magnesium and iron) as well as vitamins (vitamin B12 and folate) of children. Ethical approval was gotten from ministry of Health, Benin City, Edo State. Test group was recruited from the paediatric ward of Central Hospital, Benin City.

Background Understanding and addressing the unmet mental health needs burden in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka is the subject of the COMGAP-S two-phase study. Phase Two involves the implementation of the World Health Organization’s mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) in primary healthcare settings. As part of the contextual adaptation of mhGAP, eleven of the videos provided in the mhGAP training package have been re-filmed by a local team. We investigated the challenges, barriers and good practices of this adaptation effort from the point of view of team participants. Methods Twelve persons from the adaptation team, including students of medicine and drama, doctors, drama lecturers and professionals, consented to in-depth individual interviews following an open-ended topic guide with a member of the COMGAP-S study team. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, translated as necessary, and subjected to thematic analysis. Results The majority of participants perceived the process positively and had pride in their involvement. Expectations, opportunities, and exposure were discussed as stemming from the video production. The main challenges derived from the analysis were lack of discussion around budgeting, logistical difficulties, struggles with team cooperation, and creative differences. Issues around exact translation into the local Tamil dialect and modelling around mental health were emphasised by the majority of participants. Potential uses for the videos were ide

This special issue continues the series of BioMed Central special post-conference journal issues (BMC Genetics, BMC Plant biology, BMC Genomics, BMC Evolutionary biology, BMC Systems Biology). All these issues collate the papers presented at BGRS\SB-2016, 10th International Conference “Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure\Systems Biology” which took place at August 29 September 2, 2016 in Novosibirsk, Russia. The BGRS conference series started in 1998 in Novosibirsk Akademgorodok (http://conf.bionet.nsc.ru/bgrssb2016/ archive/) Since then BGRS/SB was been organized biannually by the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS). Across all these years, the Conference was chaired by Prof. Nikolay A. Kolchanov (ICG SB RAS, Russia) and Prof. Ralf Hofestädt (Bielefeld University, Germany). In 2016, the multi-conference held parallel events and symposia on systems biology and biomedicine (SBioMed-2016) (http://conf.bionet.nsc.ru/ishg2016/en/), cognitive sciences (http://physiol.ru/csgb2016/), and mathematical modeling in biology (MM-HPC-BBB-2016) (http:// conf.bionet.nsc.ru/mm-hpc-bbb-2016/en/). Since 2014, the BGRS Program Committee has collaborated with BioMed Central on full-text thematic issues reflecting the main science achievements of the conference series in past years. Recently BioMed Central had published several special issues based on best materials presented at the conference in BMC Genetics [1] (htt

This project entails the design construction and test evaluation of an energy efficient go-cart engine and transmission system. A target of 100km/l of fuel is set, having the knowledge that weight plays a major role in the efficiency of any vehicle using internal combustion engines; and also the aerodynamics of the vehicle body design is equally important as well. Aluminium profiles are used to construct and fabricate the chassis while wooden board is used for floor covering. Care is taken to reduce any excessive weights by cutting off parts that do not contribute to the structural integrity of the vehicle or which its contribution is highly negligible.

Heavy metals include both non-toxic and toxic elements. Iron (Fe), Cobalt (Co) Copper (Cu) Manganese (Mn) Molybdenum (Mo) and Zinc (Zc) Magnesium(Mg) are the trace elements and are required in a very minute amount, whereas other metals are non-essential, toxic to animals and even fatal when accumulated these metals includes; Mercury (Hg), Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) Plutonium (Pu), Vanadium (v), Tungsten (w) and Cadmium (Cd), (Deevikaet al., 2012).

This study was conducted in order to evaluate factors that will improve Patients’ willingness to participate in research and to assess patients’ awareness of medical research. Also to educate and encourage patients that they are essential to the conduct of research intended to improve human health in UBTH. As such,the relationship between investigators and human subjects is critical and should be based on honesty, trust andrespect.

Clinical features similar to diabetes mellitus were described about 3000 years ago by the Third Dynasty Physicians of ancient Egyptian decent. The term "diabetes" was first coined by a Greek doctor known as Araetus of Cappodocia (81-133AD). Later, the word mellitus (honey sweet) was added by Thomas Willis, a British in 1675 after rediscovering the sweetness of urine and blood of patients, first noticed by the scholars of both ancient Indian and Chinese decent. It was only in 1776 that Mathew Dobson an English doctor first confirmed the presence of excess sugar in urine and blood as a cause of their sweetness. In modern time, the history of diabetes coincided with the emergence of experimental medicine. An important milestone in the history of diabetes in 1857 by the French scientist Claude Bernard is the establishment of the role of the liver in glycogenesis, and the concept that diabetes is due to excess glucose production.

Natural product derived from plants has remained central to traditional medicine and has helped serve as sources of new drugs with good therapeutic effect and low toxicity. Unfortunately, the sleeping giant of pharmaceutical industrystill has several of thousands of plants species yet to be investigated for their phytoconstituents and invariably, their biological potentials(Hambuger and Hostetham, 1991). Therefore, the need for continuous search into the phytochemicals or such plants cannot be undermined. Nauclea latifolia is a shrub or small tree native to tropical Africa. The leaves are glabrous, opposite, rounded-ovate, glossy green with tufts of hairs. The fruits are usually fleshy, shallow-pitched, with numerous and brownish with a pleasant taste but could be emetic if taken in excess (wu,1993).

Gastrointestinal parasitic infections (GIPI’s) enjoy a wide global distribution. They are estimated to affect 3.5 billion people, most of whom are children residing in developing countries (WHO 2000). The major intestinal parasitic infection of global public health concern are the protozoal species Entamoebahistolytica and Giardia intestinalis and the soil transmitted helminthes Ascarislumbricoides, Trichuristrichiura, and hookworm (WHO l999;WHO 2000). The incidence and prevalence of these parasitic pathogens varies both between and within countries.