ABSTRACT
This study was intended to examine the modern
strategies that can be used for effective housing delivery. This study was
guided by the following objectives; To determine the effect of modern
strategies on housing delivery in Nigeria, To analyze the factors hindering the
use of modern strategies in housing delivery in Nigeria.
The study employed the descriptive design;
questionnaires in addition to library research were applied in order to collect
data. Primary and secondary data sources were used and data was analyzed using
the correlation statistical tool at 5% level of significance which was
presented in frequency tables and percentage. The respondents under the study
were the entire population, which are the 32 respondents. The study findings
revealed that Nigerians are generally in support of government’s housing
delivery. The government has provided adequate residential estates for its
citizens. Modern strategies influence housing delivery in Nigeria. Delivery of
houses would help alleviate poverty. Outcome of this study will educate
stakeholders in the building industry, government and policy makers on the
modern strategies that can be used to solve the problems of housing deficit in
Nigeria.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Housing shortage is one of the most serious
developmental challenges presently confronting Nigeria. Stakeholders and
industry operatives in building technology are unanimous in their opinion that
the process of housing delivery in Nigeria needs a change of strategy. In this
study, the researcher is examining modern ways that could be explored to meet
the nation’s housing deficit which stands around 17million units (Akeju, 2012).
Although
Nigeria with a population of over 160 million people has been identified as the
largest market in Africa for everything, including real estate, growing demand
for decent shelter has continued to meet leaner supply of housing units.Over
the years, successive governments in the country had tinkered with policies in
a bid to achieve its mass housing objective but due to lack of reasonable
commitment to it, achieving the goal has remained elusive (FRN, 2007).
Experts
who gave analytical insight into the problem of housing delivery in Nigeria
called for a declaration of a state of emergency in the housing sector, saying
innovative thinking and modern strategies could bring about better outcomes
that will enhance housing delivery process in the country. It is a known fact
that financing of housing projects remained one of the biggest problems in the
sector that is militating against housing delivery. Akeju (2012) is of the
opinion that the major issue in housing delivery is funding, getting
appropriate funding. There is money flowing everywhere but the right type of
money needed for long term project like housing is not available. Something
that can really work for affordable housing can be akin to what the Federal
Mortgage Bank offers which cannot go round.
Modern strategy in housing delivery in Nigeria will
reiterates the government’s priority to tackle overcrowding and the ambitious
target to reduce severe overcrowding in rented housing apartments (Bush, 2004).
Alongside making funding available for larger homes, with at least higher
number of bedrooms, and a long-term commitment to deliver the familysized
affordable homes should be identified in a strategic plan for housing delivery
(Easton, 2006).
There are many strategies needed
to facilitate massive housing deliveryin Nigeria but modern and technologically-inspired
large scale housing schemes – schemes and sites with thousands of housing
units could play a significant role in the delivery of the
large number of houses the Nigerians needs.Theexperience of the last 20 years
suggests that the level of demand for new homes over the next decade will not
be met by piecemeal incremental developments.
In
Nigeria today, there is a shortage of housing for low-income earners and
constantly growing housing demands (due to increase in population) that are not
met. Unfortunately, banks are reluctant to provide mortgage facilities to
low-income earners. In order to solve the housing/mortgage challenges faced by
the Nigeria populace, the Nigerian Mortgage Refinance Company (NMRC) was
established to promote home ownership and increase the availability and
affordability of mortgage loans to Nigerians.In spite of the incorporation of
NMRC in June 24, 2013, not much has changed. The apathy of banks towards
mortgage transactions still lingers, understandably, because of the risk of
default. To buttress this, 66,402 Nigerians applied for mortgages during the
recent Nigerian Housing Finance Programme. Only 10,000 Nigerians were selected.
However, the interest rates by primary mortgage institutions that participated
in the programme were alarming (14.5% -19%).It is suggested that a cue be taken
from other countries where the cost of mortgage for first time home buyers are
low, with small down payments and easy terms especially, a single digit
interest rate.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problem of housing delivery is of great
concern in many countries. This problem is especially prominent in Nigeria. The
challenge as been magnified as a result of a myriad of issues, not least, a
high population growth rate, shortage of necessary skills and disintegrated
supply chain. There is need for Nigerian government and stakeholders in the
building industry to rise up to housing needs of Nigerians in quality and
quantity. Some researchers has advocated other modern methods of construction
like dry construction has strategy to mass housing delivery. However, the researcher
is examining how modern strategies can be used to ensure that the housing need
of Nigerians are met.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The following are the objectives of this study:
1. To
examine the modern strategies that can be used for effective housing delivery.
2. To
determine the effect of modern strategies on housing delivery in Nigeria.
3. To
analyze the factors hindering the use of modern strategies in housing delivery
in Nigeria.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. What
are the modern strategies that can be used for effective housing delivery?
2. What
is the effect of modern strategies on housing delivery in Nigeria?
3. What
are the factors hindering the use of modern strategies in housing delivery in
Nigeria?
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The following are the significance of this study:
1. Outcome
of this study will educate stakeholders in the building industry, government
and policy makers on the modern strategies that can be used to solve the
problems of housing deficit in Nigeria.
2. This
research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers
interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently, if
applied will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic
1.7 SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
This study on appraisal of modern strategies for
housing delivery in Nigeria will cover all the effort and approaches of past
and present government of Nigeria at tackling the problem of housing deficit in
Nigeria. It will also cover the new approaches and strategies that can be used
for mass housing development.
LIMITATION OF STUDY
Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the
efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature
or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire
and interview).
Time constraint- The researcher will simultaneously
engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down
on the time devoted for the research work.
REFERENCES
Akeju,
A. A.(2012). Challenges to providing affordable housing in Nigeria. Proceedings
of 2nd Emerging Urban Africa International Conference on Housing Finance in
Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria. 17-19 October, 2007.
Bush,
A. (2004) Understanding Stabilized Earth Construction. Virginia: VITA
Publication Technical Paper No 2. Retrieved on July 7, 2007 from http://sleekfreak.ath.cx:81/3wde/VITAHTM/
SUBLEV/ EN1/STABERTH.HTM
Easton,
D. R. (2006). The Rammed Earth House. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green
Publishing Company
FRN
(2007). Federal Republic of Nigeria Official Gazzette Vol. 94, No 24.
UNDP
Human Development Report. Oxford University Press, Oxford 1999.