Improper industrial and municipal waste
management can lead to many forms of contamination, such as groundwater
contamination, air quality deterioration, and greenhouse gas emissions
(e.g., methane gas emissions from anaerobic decomposition). [3]
Industrial waste is the waste produced by industrial activity which
includes conventional wastes and hazardous waste. Currently, industrial
activities are the main sources of world's hazardous waste production.
[4]
Hazardous wastes as defined are wastes
(solid, liquid or sludge) other than radioactive waste which, is defined
by of their chemical activity or toxic, explosive, corrosive, or other
characteristics that has potential risks for human health and
environment. [5] Hazardous wastes, the main defect of the industrialized
world, showed their importance because of their potential hazard to
human health and environment when improperly identified and managed. [6]
Discovering hundreds of barrels of toxic waste in a park in Istanbul,
Turkey [7] or fire in the warehouse containing chemical waste at the
factory in basal Switzerland in 1986 [8] can be mentioned as examples
for the hazard of these wastes. Similar incident was happened in Iran,
for example, explosion of the tank contains oil and complete destruction
of installations and the deaths of at least five people in 2005. [8]
Now-a-days, efficient management of large amounts generated waste with
different composition poses a major challenge for the industries. [9]
The main elements of comprehensive waste management are production,
storage, collection, transportation, processing, disposal, and
treatment. [10] Industrial Waste Management history returns to approval
of Resource Conservation Recovery Act in United States in 1976.
[11],[12] The first laws and regulations pertaining to hazardous waste
management have been implemented in member countries of the Common
Market in 1980, Europe. [13] Now-a-days, laws and regulations for the
control and safe disposal of industrial waste are implemented in many
industrialized countries. In developed countries such as the United
States of America, England, France, Germany, Japan, and The Netherlands
have been provided a detailed list of databases, processes, industrial
waste, or hazardous waste. However, Industrial wastes in many developing
countries are still transporting with common household waste and posing
many health risks to workers, public, and environment [14] .Compilation
detailed database of status and industrial waste quality is inevitable
in order to establish a national industrial wastes control system. [5]
With the support of relevant
organizations such as Ministry of Industry, Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA) and Department of Health, existing database state for
Nigeria industrial waste management, should be developed and regularly
updated.
1.2 Problem Statement
As a result of the rapid industrial
development at the global level, environment was subjected to hazard and
crises in the past decade. Pressures arising crisis in industrialized
countries led to establish of more rigid regulation and environmental
standards enforcement, unfortunately, this practice, in most developing
countries, have not in the actual status yet. [1],[2] As a part of
industrial activities, industrial wastes have been problematic, however,
comprehensive management is considered in order to minimize their
risks.
1.3 Objectives of the study
The major objective of the study is analysis of industrial waste management practices in consolidated breweries.
1.4 Research questions
(1) what are industrial waste?
(2) what is industrial waste management?
(3) what are industrial waste management practices in consolidated breweries?
1.5 Significance of the Study
In Nigeria, there is no comprehensive
study concerning about identification and management of industrial
wastes. The results of studies shown that in most cases, wastes
management is improper in industrial towns, and there is no detailed
information about quantity and quality of industrial waste . This study
will serve as a pilot study for analysis of industrial waste management
practices in consolidated breweries.
1.6 Scope of the Study
The research focuses on analysis of industrial waste management practices of consolidated breweries.
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