The problem of ballast tank corrosion
The degradation of metallic surfaces due to atmospheric corrosion is a
well known problem for many steel structures such as bridges, storage
tanks and pipelines. Bringing seawater into this equation causes an even
more aggressive environment and an increased corrosion effect.
Nevertheless, merchant vessels, carry cargo all over the seven seas, are
mostly built of steel. In the absence of cargo, or when the ship is
only partly loaded, a vessel carries seawater in her ballast tanks to
ensure maneuverability and to control draft, stress and stability. As
necessary as they are for the operation of a ship, though, the fact that
ballast tanks are prone to corrosion poses an important challenge for
ship owners.
Corrosion is expensive. For the U.S. economy alone, the 1998 cost of
corrosion amounted to $275.7 billion/year Kell, (2001). These economic
losses were provoked by production interruptions, incidents and repairs.
For the U.S. marine shipping industry, the annual corrosion-related
costs were estimated at $ 2.7 billion.
Table of Contents
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Purpose of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Delimitations of the Study
1.7 Limitation of the study
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Review of Related Literature
2.3 Empirical Studies
2.3 Theoretical Framework
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Area of the Study
3.3 Research Design
3.4 Population of the Study
3.5 Sample and Sampling Technique
3.6 Research Instrument
3.7 Validation of the Instrument
3.8 Data Collection Technique
3.9 Data Analysis Technique
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS
AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Data Presentation
4.3 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.1 Restatement of the Problem
5.2 Summary of Findings
5.3 Conclusion
5.4 Recommendations
5.5 Suggestions for Further Research
References
Appendix